Add build time math rendering

While very useful on its own (and combined with the passthrough render hooks), this also serves as a proof of concept of using WASI (WebAssembly System Interface) modules in Hugo.

This will be marked _experimental_ in the documentation. Not because it will be removed or changed in a dramatic way, but we need to think a little more how to best set up/configure similar services, define where these WASM files gets stored, maybe we can allow user provided WASM files plugins via Hugo Modules mounts etc.

See these issues for more context:

* https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/12736
* https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/12737

See #11927

1 files changed, 439 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/internal/warpc/warpc_test.go b/internal/warpc/warpc_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3de20a0f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/warpc/warpc_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,439 @@
+package warpc
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	_ "embed"
+	"fmt"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"testing"
+
+	qt "github.com/frankban/quicktest"
+)
+
+//go:embed wasm/greet.wasm
+var greetWasm []byte
+
+type person struct {
+	Name string `json:"name"`
+}
+
+func TestKatex(t *testing.T) {
+	c := qt.New(t)
+
+	opts := Options{
+		PoolSize: 8,
+		Runtime:  quickjsBinary,
+		Main:     katexBinary,
+	}
+
+	d, err := Start[KatexInput, KatexOutput](opts)
+	c.Assert(err, qt.IsNil)
+
+	defer d.Close()
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	input := KatexInput{
+		Expression: "c = \\pm\\sqrt{a^2 + b^2}",
+		Options: KatexOptions{
+			Output:      "html",
+			DisplayMode: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	message := Message[KatexInput]{
+		Header: Header{
+			Version: currentVersion,
+			ID:      uint32(32),
+		},
+		Data: input,
+	}
+
+	result, err := d.Execute(ctx, message)
+	c.Assert(err, qt.IsNil)
+
+	c.Assert(result.GetID(), qt.Equals, message.GetID())
+}
+
+func TestGreet(t *testing.T) {
+	c := qt.New(t)
+	opts := Options{
+		PoolSize: 1,
+		Runtime:  quickjsBinary,
+		Main:     greetBinary,
+		Infof:    t.Logf,
+	}
+
+	for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
+		func() {
+			d, err := Start[person, greeting](opts)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			defer func() {
+				c.Assert(d.Close(), qt.IsNil)
+			}()
+
+			ctx := context.Background()
+
+			inputMessage := Message[person]{
+				Header: Header{
+					Version: currentVersion,
+				},
+				Data: person{
+					Name: "Person",
+				},
+			}
+
+			for j := 0; j < 20; j++ {
+				inputMessage.Header.ID = uint32(j + 1)
+				g, err := d.Execute(ctx, inputMessage)
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				if g.Data.Greeting != "Hello Person!" {
+					t.Fatalf("got: %v", g)
+				}
+				if g.GetID() != inputMessage.GetID() {
+					t.Fatalf("%d vs %d", g.GetID(), inputMessage.GetID())
+				}
+			}
+		}()
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGreetParallel(t *testing.T) {
+	c := qt.New(t)
+
+	opts := Options{
+		Runtime:  quickjsBinary,
+		Main:     greetBinary,
+		PoolSize: 4,
+	}
+	d, err := Start[person, greeting](opts)
+	c.Assert(err, qt.IsNil)
+	defer func() {
+		c.Assert(d.Close(), qt.IsNil)
+	}()
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+
+	for i := 1; i <= 10; i++ {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(i int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+
+			ctx := context.Background()
+
+			for j := 0; j < 5; j++ {
+				base := i * 100
+				id := uint32(base + j)
+
+				inputPerson := person{
+					Name: fmt.Sprintf("Person %d", id),
+				}
+				inputMessage := Message[person]{
+					Header: Header{
+						Version: currentVersion,
+						ID:      id,
+					},
+					Data: inputPerson,
+				}
+				g, err := d.Execute(ctx, inputMessage)
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Error(err)
+					return
+				}
+
+				c.Assert(g.Data.Greeting, qt.Equals, fmt.Sprintf("Hello Person %d!", id))
+				c.Assert(g.GetID(), qt.Equals, inputMessage.GetID())
+
+			}
+		}(i)
+
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func TestKatexParallel(t *testing.T) {
+	c := qt.New(t)
+
+	opts := Options{
+		Runtime:  quickjsBinary,
+		Main:     katexBinary,
+		PoolSize: 6,
+	}
+	d, err := Start[KatexInput, KatexOutput](opts)
+	c.Assert(err, qt.IsNil)
+	defer func() {
+		c.Assert(d.Close(), qt.IsNil)
+	}()
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+
+	for i := 1; i <= 10; i++ {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(i int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+
+			ctx := context.Background()
+
+			for j := 0; j < 1; j++ {
+				base := i * 100
+				id := uint32(base + j)
+
+				input := katexInputTemplate
+				inputMessage := Message[KatexInput]{
+					Header: Header{
+						Version: currentVersion,
+						ID:      id,
+					},
+					Data: input,
+				}
+
+				result, err := d.Execute(ctx, inputMessage)
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Error(err)
+					return
+				}
+
+				if result.GetID() != inputMessage.GetID() {
+					t.Errorf("%d vs %d", result.GetID(), inputMessage.GetID())
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}(i)
+
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func BenchmarkExecuteKatex(b *testing.B) {
+	opts := Options{
+		Runtime: quickjsBinary,
+		Main:    katexBinary,
+	}
+	d, err := Start[KatexInput, KatexOutput](opts)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer d.Close()
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	input := katexInputTemplate
+
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		message := Message[KatexInput]{
+			Header: Header{
+				Version: currentVersion,
+				ID:      uint32(i + 1),
+			},
+			Data: input,
+		}
+
+		result, err := d.Execute(ctx, message)
+		if err != nil {
+			b.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if result.GetID() != message.GetID() {
+			b.Fatalf("%d vs %d", result.GetID(), message.GetID())
+		}
+
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkKatexStartStop(b *testing.B) {
+	optsTemplate := Options{
+		Runtime:             quickjsBinary,
+		Main:                katexBinary,
+		CompilationCacheDir: b.TempDir(),
+	}
+
+	runBench := func(b *testing.B, opts Options) {
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			d, err := Start[KatexInput, KatexOutput](opts)
+			if err != nil {
+				b.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if err := d.Close(); err != nil {
+				b.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, poolSize := range []int{1, 8, 16} {
+
+		name := fmt.Sprintf("PoolSize%d", poolSize)
+
+		b.Run(name, func(b *testing.B) {
+			opts := optsTemplate
+			opts.PoolSize = poolSize
+			runBench(b, opts)
+		})
+
+	}
+}
+
+var katexInputTemplate = KatexInput{
+	Expression: "c = \\pm\\sqrt{a^2 + b^2}",
+	Options:    KatexOptions{Output: "html", DisplayMode: true},
+}
+
+func BenchmarkExecuteKatexPara(b *testing.B) {
+	optsTemplate := Options{
+		Runtime: quickjsBinary,
+		Main:    katexBinary,
+	}
+
+	runBench := func(b *testing.B, opts Options) {
+		d, err := Start[KatexInput, KatexOutput](opts)
+		if err != nil {
+			b.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		defer d.Close()
+
+		ctx := context.Background()
+
+		b.ResetTimer()
+
+		var id atomic.Uint32
+		b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
+			for pb.Next() {
+				message := Message[KatexInput]{
+					Header: Header{
+						Version: currentVersion,
+						ID:      id.Add(1),
+					},
+					Data: katexInputTemplate,
+				}
+
+				result, err := d.Execute(ctx, message)
+				if err != nil {
+					b.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				if result.GetID() != message.GetID() {
+					b.Fatalf("%d vs %d", result.GetID(), message.GetID())
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+
+	for _, poolSize := range []int{1, 8, 16} {
+		name := fmt.Sprintf("PoolSize%d", poolSize)
+
+		b.Run(name, func(b *testing.B) {
+			opts := optsTemplate
+			opts.PoolSize = poolSize
+			runBench(b, opts)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkExecuteGreet(b *testing.B) {
+	opts := Options{
+		Runtime: quickjsBinary,
+		Main:    greetBinary,
+	}
+	d, err := Start[person, greeting](opts)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer d.Close()
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	input := person{
+		Name: "Person",
+	}
+
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		message := Message[person]{
+			Header: Header{
+				Version: currentVersion,
+				ID:      uint32(i + 1),
+			},
+			Data: input,
+		}
+		result, err := d.Execute(ctx, message)
+		if err != nil {
+			b.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if result.GetID() != message.GetID() {
+			b.Fatalf("%d vs %d", result.GetID(), message.GetID())
+		}
+
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkExecuteGreetPara(b *testing.B) {
+	opts := Options{
+		Runtime:  quickjsBinary,
+		Main:     greetBinary,
+		PoolSize: 8,
+	}
+
+	d, err := Start[person, greeting](opts)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer d.Close()
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	inputTemplate := person{
+		Name: "Person",
+	}
+
+	b.ResetTimer()
+
+	var id atomic.Uint32
+	b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
+		for pb.Next() {
+			message := Message[person]{
+				Header: Header{
+					Version: currentVersion,
+					ID:      id.Add(1),
+				},
+				Data: inputTemplate,
+			}
+
+			result, err := d.Execute(ctx, message)
+			if err != nil {
+				b.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if result.GetID() != message.GetID() {
+				b.Fatalf("%d vs %d", result.GetID(), message.GetID())
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+type greeting struct {
+	Greeting string `json:"greeting"`
+}
+
+var (
+	greetBinary = Binary{
+		Name: "greet",
+		Data: greetWasm,
+	}
+
+	katexBinary = Binary{
+		Name: "renderkatex",
+		Data: katexWasm,
+	}
+
+	quickjsBinary = Binary{
+		Name: "javy_quickjs_provider_v2",
+		Data: quickjsWasm,
+	}
+)