diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'py/asmx86.c')
| -rw-r--r-- | py/asmx86.c | 520 |
1 files changed, 520 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/py/asmx86.c b/py/asmx86.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a0a38161ca --- /dev/null +++ b/py/asmx86.c @@ -0,0 +1,520 @@ +/* + * This file is part of the Micro Python project, http://micropython.org/ + * + * The MIT License (MIT) + * + * Copyright (c) 2014 Damien P. George + * + * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy + * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal + * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights + * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell + * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is + * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: + * + * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in + * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. + * + * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR + * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, + * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE + * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER + * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, + * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN + * THE SOFTWARE. + */ + +#include <stdint.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <assert.h> +#include <string.h> + +#include "mpconfig.h" +#include "misc.h" + +// wrapper around everything in this file +#if MICROPY_EMIT_X86 + +#include "asmx86.h" + +/* all offsets are measured in multiples of 4 bytes */ +#define WORD_SIZE (4) + +#define OPCODE_NOP (0x90) +#define OPCODE_PUSH_R32 (0x50) +//#define OPCODE_PUSH_I32 (0x68) +//#define OPCODE_PUSH_M32 (0xff) /* /6 */ +#define OPCODE_POP_R32 (0x58) +#define OPCODE_RET (0xc3) +//#define OPCODE_MOV_I8_TO_R8 (0xb0) /* +rb */ +#define OPCODE_MOV_I32_TO_R32 (0xb8) +//#define OPCODE_MOV_I32_TO_RM32 (0xc7) +#define OPCODE_MOV_R32_TO_RM32 (0x89) +#define OPCODE_MOV_RM32_TO_R32 (0x8b) +#define OPCODE_LEA_MEM_TO_R32 (0x8d) /* /r */ +#define OPCODE_XOR_R32_TO_RM32 (0x31) /* /r */ +#define OPCODE_ADD_R32_TO_RM32 (0x01) +//#define OPCODE_ADD_I32_TO_RM32 (0x81) /* /0 */ +//#define OPCODE_ADD_I8_TO_RM32 (0x83) /* /0 */ +//#define OPCODE_SUB_R32_FROM_RM32 (0x29) +#define OPCODE_SUB_I32_FROM_RM32 (0x81) /* /5 */ +#define OPCODE_SUB_I8_FROM_RM32 (0x83) /* /5 */ +//#define OPCODE_SHL_RM32_BY_I8 (0xc1) /* /4 */ +//#define OPCODE_SHR_RM32_BY_I8 (0xc1) /* /5 */ +//#define OPCODE_SAR_RM32_BY_I8 (0xc1) /* /7 */ +//#define OPCODE_CMP_I32_WITH_RM32 (0x81) /* /7 */ +//#define OPCODE_CMP_I8_WITH_RM32 (0x83) /* /7 */ +#define OPCODE_CMP_R32_WITH_RM32 (0x39) +//#define OPCODE_CMP_RM32_WITH_R32 (0x3b) +#define OPCODE_TEST_R8_WITH_RM8 (0x84) /* /r */ +#define OPCODE_JMP_REL8 (0xeb) +#define OPCODE_JMP_REL32 (0xe9) +#define OPCODE_JCC_REL8 (0x70) /* | jcc type */ +#define OPCODE_JCC_REL32_A (0x0f) +#define OPCODE_JCC_REL32_B (0x80) /* | jcc type */ +#define OPCODE_SETCC_RM8_A (0x0f) +#define OPCODE_SETCC_RM8_B (0x90) /* | jcc type, /0 */ +#define OPCODE_CALL_REL32 (0xe8) +#define OPCODE_CALL_RM32 (0xff) /* /2 */ +#define OPCODE_LEAVE (0xc9) + +#define MODRM_R32(x) ((x) << 3) +#define MODRM_RM_DISP0 (0x00) +#define MODRM_RM_DISP8 (0x40) +#define MODRM_RM_DISP32 (0x80) +#define MODRM_RM_REG (0xc0) +#define MODRM_RM_R32(x) (x) + +#define IMM32_L0(x) ((x) & 0xff) +#define IMM32_L1(x) (((x) >> 8) & 0xff) +#define IMM32_L2(x) (((x) >> 16) & 0xff) +#define IMM32_L3(x) (((x) >> 24) & 0xff) + +#define SIGNED_FIT8(x) (((x) & 0xffffff80) == 0) || (((x) & 0xffffff80) == 0xffffff80) + +struct _asm_x86_t { + uint pass; + mp_uint_t code_offset; + mp_uint_t code_size; + byte *code_base; + byte dummy_data[8]; + + uint max_num_labels; + int *label_offsets; + int num_locals; +}; + +asm_x86_t *asm_x86_new(mp_uint_t max_num_labels) { + asm_x86_t *as; + + as = m_new0(asm_x86_t, 1); + as->max_num_labels = max_num_labels; + as->label_offsets = m_new(int, max_num_labels); + + return as; +} + +void asm_x86_free(asm_x86_t *as, bool free_code) { + if (free_code) { + MP_PLAT_FREE_EXEC(as->code_base, as->code_size); + } + m_del_obj(asm_x86_t, as); +} + +void asm_x86_start_pass(asm_x86_t *as, mp_uint_t pass) { + as->pass = pass; + as->code_offset = 0; + if (pass == ASM_X86_PASS_COMPUTE) { + // reset all labels + memset(as->label_offsets, -1, as->max_num_labels * sizeof(int)); + } +} + +void asm_x86_end_pass(asm_x86_t *as) { + if (as->pass == ASM_X86_PASS_COMPUTE) { + MP_PLAT_ALLOC_EXEC(as->code_offset, (void**) &as->code_base, &as->code_size); + if(as->code_base == NULL) { + assert(0); + } + } +} + +// all functions must go through this one to emit bytes +STATIC byte *asm_x86_get_cur_to_write_bytes(asm_x86_t *as, int num_bytes_to_write) { + //printf("emit %d\n", num_bytes_to_write); + if (as->pass < ASM_X86_PASS_EMIT) { + as->code_offset += num_bytes_to_write; + return as->dummy_data; + } else { + assert(as->code_offset + num_bytes_to_write <= as->code_size); + byte *c = as->code_base + as->code_offset; + as->code_offset += num_bytes_to_write; + return c; + } +} + +mp_uint_t asm_x86_get_code_size(asm_x86_t *as) { + return as->code_size; +} + +void *asm_x86_get_code(asm_x86_t *as) { + return as->code_base; +} + +STATIC void asm_x86_write_byte_1(asm_x86_t *as, byte b1) { + byte* c = asm_x86_get_cur_to_write_bytes(as, 1); + c[0] = b1; +} + +STATIC void asm_x86_write_byte_2(asm_x86_t *as, byte b1, byte b2) { + byte* c = asm_x86_get_cur_to_write_bytes(as, 2); + c[0] = b1; + c[1] = b2; +} + +STATIC void asm_x86_write_byte_3(asm_x86_t *as, byte b1, byte b2, byte b3) { + byte* c = asm_x86_get_cur_to_write_bytes(as, 3); + c[0] = b1; + c[1] = b2; + c[2] = b3; +} + +STATIC void asm_x86_write_word32(asm_x86_t *as, int w32) { + byte* c = asm_x86_get_cur_to_write_bytes(as, 4); + c[0] = IMM32_L0(w32); + c[1] = IMM32_L1(w32); + c[2] = IMM32_L2(w32); + c[3] = IMM32_L3(w32); +} + +STATIC void asm_x86_write_r32_disp(asm_x86_t *as, int r32, int disp_r32, int disp_offset) { + assert(disp_r32 != REG_ESP); + + if (disp_offset == 0 && disp_r32 != REG_EBP) { + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, MODRM_R32(r32) | MODRM_RM_DISP0 | MODRM_RM_R32(disp_r32)); + } else if (SIGNED_FIT8(disp_offset)) { + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, MODRM_R32(r32) | MODRM_RM_DISP8 | MODRM_RM_R32(disp_r32), IMM32_L0(disp_offset)); + } else { + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, MODRM_R32(r32) | MODRM_RM_DISP32 | MODRM_RM_R32(disp_r32)); + asm_x86_write_word32(as, disp_offset); + } +} + +STATIC void asm_x86_nop(asm_x86_t *as) { + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, OPCODE_NOP); +} + +STATIC void asm_x86_push_r32(asm_x86_t *as, int src_r32) { + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, OPCODE_PUSH_R32 | src_r32); +} + +#if 0 +void asm_x86_push_i32(asm_x86_t *as, int src_i32) { + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, OPCODE_PUSH_I32); + asm_x86_write_word32(as, src_i32); +} + +void asm_x86_push_disp(asm_x86_t *as, int src_r32, int src_offset) { + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, OPCODE_PUSH_M32); + asm_x86_write_r32_disp(as, 6, src_r32, src_offset); +} +#endif + +STATIC void asm_x86_pop_r32(asm_x86_t *as, int dest_r32) { + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, OPCODE_POP_R32 | dest_r32); +} + +STATIC void asm_x86_ret(asm_x86_t *as) { + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, OPCODE_RET); +} + +void asm_x86_mov_r32_to_r32(asm_x86_t *as, int src_r32, int dest_r32) { + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_MOV_R32_TO_RM32, MODRM_R32(src_r32) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(dest_r32)); +} + +STATIC void asm_x86_mov_r32_to_disp(asm_x86_t *as, int src_r32, int dest_r32, int dest_disp) { + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, OPCODE_MOV_R32_TO_RM32); + asm_x86_write_r32_disp(as, src_r32, dest_r32, dest_disp); +} + +STATIC void asm_x86_mov_disp_to_r32(asm_x86_t *as, int src_r32, int src_disp, int dest_r32) { + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, OPCODE_MOV_RM32_TO_R32); + asm_x86_write_r32_disp(as, dest_r32, src_r32, src_disp); +} + +STATIC void asm_x86_lea_disp_to_r32(asm_x86_t *as, int src_r32, int src_disp, int dest_r32) { + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, OPCODE_LEA_MEM_TO_R32); + asm_x86_write_r32_disp(as, dest_r32, src_r32, src_disp); +} + +#if 0 +void asm_x86_mov_i8_to_r8(asm_x86_t *as, int src_i8, int dest_r32) { + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_MOV_I8_TO_R8 | dest_r32, src_i8); +} +#endif + +void asm_x86_mov_i32_to_r32(asm_x86_t *as, int src_i32, int dest_r32) { + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, OPCODE_MOV_I32_TO_R32 | dest_r32); + asm_x86_write_word32(as, src_i32); +} + +// src_i32 is stored as a full word in the code, and aligned to machine-word boundary +void asm_x86_mov_i32_to_r32_aligned(asm_x86_t *as, int32_t src_i32, int dest_r32) { + // mov instruction uses 1 byte for the instruction, before the i32 + while (((as->code_offset + 1) & (WORD_SIZE - 1)) != 0) { + asm_x86_nop(as); + } + asm_x86_mov_i32_to_r32(as, src_i32, dest_r32); +} + +void asm_x86_xor_r32_to_r32(asm_x86_t *as, int src_r32, int dest_r32) { + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_XOR_R32_TO_RM32, MODRM_R32(src_r32) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(dest_r32)); +} + +void asm_x86_add_r32_to_r32(asm_x86_t *as, int src_r32, int dest_r32) { + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_ADD_R32_TO_RM32, MODRM_R32(src_r32) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(dest_r32)); +} + +#if 0 +void asm_x86_add_i32_to_r32(asm_x86_t *as, int src_i32, int dest_r32) +{ + if (SIGNED_FIT8(src_i32)) + { + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_ADD_I8_TO_RM32, MODRM_R32(0) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(dest_r32)); + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, src_i32 & 0xff); + } + else + { + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_ADD_I32_TO_RM32, MODRM_R32(0) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(dest_r32)); + asm_x86_write_word32(as, src_i32); + } +} + +void asm_x86_sub_r32_from_r32(asm_x86_t *as, int src_r32, int dest_r32) { + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_SUB_R32_FROM_RM32, MODRM_R32(src_r32) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(dest_r32)); +} +#endif + +void asm_x86_sub_i32_from_r32(asm_x86_t *as, int src_i32, int dest_r32) { + if (SIGNED_FIT8(src_i32)) { + // defaults to 32 bit operation + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_SUB_I8_FROM_RM32, MODRM_R32(5) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(dest_r32)); + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, src_i32 & 0xff); + } else { + // defaults to 32 bit operation + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_SUB_I32_FROM_RM32, MODRM_R32(5) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(dest_r32)); + asm_x86_write_word32(as, src_i32); + } +} + +#if 0 +/* shifts not tested */ +void asm_x86_shl_r32_by_imm(asm_x86_t *as, int r32, int imm) { + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_SHL_RM32_BY_I8, MODRM_R32(4) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(r32)); + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, imm); +} + +void asm_x86_shr_r32_by_imm(asm_x86_t *as, int r32, int imm) { + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_SHR_RM32_BY_I8, MODRM_R32(5) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(r32)); + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, imm); +} + +void asm_x86_sar_r32_by_imm(asm_x86_t *as, int r32, int imm) { + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_SAR_RM32_BY_I8, MODRM_R32(7) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(r32)); + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, imm); +} +#endif + +void asm_x86_cmp_r32_with_r32(asm_x86_t *as, int src_r32_a, int src_r32_b) { + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_CMP_R32_WITH_RM32, MODRM_R32(src_r32_a) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(src_r32_b)); +} + +#if 0 +void asm_x86_cmp_i32_with_r32(asm_x86_t *as, int src_i32, int src_r32) { + if (SIGNED_FIT8(src_i32)) { + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_CMP_I8_WITH_RM32, MODRM_R32(7) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(src_r32)); + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, src_i32 & 0xff); + } else { + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_CMP_I32_WITH_RM32, MODRM_R32(7) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(src_r32)); + asm_x86_write_word32(as, src_i32); + } +} +#endif + +void asm_x86_test_r8_with_r8(asm_x86_t *as, int src_r32_a, int src_r32_b) { + // TODO implement for other registers + assert(src_r32_a == REG_EAX); + assert(src_r32_b == REG_EAX); + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_TEST_R8_WITH_RM8, MODRM_R32(src_r32_a) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(src_r32_b)); +} + +void asm_x86_setcc_r8(asm_x86_t *as, mp_uint_t jcc_type, int dest_r8) { + asm_x86_write_byte_3(as, OPCODE_SETCC_RM8_A, OPCODE_SETCC_RM8_B | jcc_type, MODRM_R32(0) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(dest_r8)); +} + +void asm_x86_label_assign(asm_x86_t *as, mp_uint_t label) { + assert(label < as->max_num_labels); + if (as->pass < ASM_X86_PASS_EMIT) { + // assign label offset + assert(as->label_offsets[label] == -1); + as->label_offsets[label] = as->code_offset; + } else { + // ensure label offset has not changed from PASS_COMPUTE to PASS_EMIT + //printf("l%d: (at %d=%ld)\n", label, as->label_offsets[label], as->code_offset); + assert(as->label_offsets[label] == as->code_offset); + } +} + +STATIC int get_label_dest(asm_x86_t *as, int label) { + assert(label < as->max_num_labels); + return as->label_offsets[label]; +} + +void asm_x86_jmp_label(asm_x86_t *as, mp_uint_t label) { + int dest = get_label_dest(as, label); + int rel = dest - as->code_offset; + if (dest >= 0 && rel < 0) { + // is a backwards jump, so we know the size of the jump on the first pass + // calculate rel assuming 8 bit relative jump + rel -= 2; + if (SIGNED_FIT8(rel)) { + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_JMP_REL8, rel & 0xff); + } else { + rel += 2; + goto large_jump; + } + } else { + // is a forwards jump, so need to assume it's large + large_jump: + rel -= 5; + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, OPCODE_JMP_REL32); + asm_x86_write_word32(as, rel); + } +} + +void asm_x86_jcc_label(asm_x86_t *as, mp_uint_t jcc_type, mp_uint_t label) { + int dest = get_label_dest(as, label); + int rel = dest - as->code_offset; + if (dest >= 0 && rel < 0) { + // is a backwards jump, so we know the size of the jump on the first pass + // calculate rel assuming 8 bit relative jump + rel -= 2; + if (SIGNED_FIT8(rel)) { + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_JCC_REL8 | jcc_type, rel & 0xff); + } else { + rel += 2; + goto large_jump; + } + } else { + // is a forwards jump, so need to assume it's large + large_jump: + rel -= 6; + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_JCC_REL32_A, OPCODE_JCC_REL32_B | jcc_type); + asm_x86_write_word32(as, rel); + } +} + +void asm_x86_entry(asm_x86_t *as, mp_uint_t num_locals) { + asm_x86_push_r32(as, REG_EBP); + asm_x86_mov_r32_to_r32(as, REG_ESP, REG_EBP); + asm_x86_sub_i32_from_r32(as, num_locals * WORD_SIZE, REG_ESP); + asm_x86_push_r32(as, REG_EBX); + as->num_locals = num_locals; +} + +void asm_x86_exit(asm_x86_t *as) { + asm_x86_pop_r32(as, REG_EBX); + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, OPCODE_LEAVE); + asm_x86_ret(as); +} + +#if 0 +void asm_x86_push_arg(asm_x86_t *as, int src_arg_num) { + assert(0); + asm_x86_push_disp(as, REG_EBP, 8 + src_arg_num * WORD_SIZE); +} + +void asm_x86_mov_arg_to_r32(asm_x86_t *as, int src_arg_num, int dest_r32) { + assert(0); + //asm_x86_mov_disp_to_r32(as, REG_EBP, 8 + src_arg_num * WORD_SIZE, dest_r32); +} + +void asm_x86_mov_r32_to_arg(asm_x86_t *as, int src_r32, int dest_arg_num) { + assert(0); + //asm_x86_mov_r32_to_disp(as, src_r32, REG_EBP, 8 + dest_arg_num * WORD_SIZE); +} +#endif + +// locals: +// - stored on the stack in ascending order +// - numbered 0 through as->num_locals-1 +// - EBP points above the last local +// +// | EPB +// v +// l0 l1 l2 ... l(n-1) +// ^ ^ +// | low address | high address in RAM +// +STATIC int asm_x86_local_offset_from_ebp(asm_x86_t *as, int local_num) { + return (-as->num_locals + local_num) * WORD_SIZE; +} + +void asm_x86_mov_local_to_r32(asm_x86_t *as, int src_local_num, int dest_r32) { + asm_x86_mov_disp_to_r32(as, REG_EBP, asm_x86_local_offset_from_ebp(as, src_local_num), dest_r32); +} + +void asm_x86_mov_r32_to_local(asm_x86_t *as, int src_r32, int dest_local_num) { + asm_x86_mov_r32_to_disp(as, src_r32, REG_EBP, asm_x86_local_offset_from_ebp(as, dest_local_num)); +} + +void asm_x86_mov_local_addr_to_r32(asm_x86_t *as, int local_num, int dest_r32) { + int offset = asm_x86_local_offset_from_ebp(as, local_num); + if (offset == 0) { + asm_x86_mov_r32_to_r32(as, REG_EBP, dest_r32); + } else { + asm_x86_lea_disp_to_r32(as, REG_EBP, offset, dest_r32); + } +} + +#if 0 +void asm_x86_push_local(asm_x86_t *as, int local_num) { + asm_x86_push_disp(as, REG_EBP, asm_x86_local_offset_from_ebp(as, local_num)); +} + +void asm_x86_push_local_addr(asm_x86_t *as, int local_num, int temp_r32) +{ + asm_x86_mov_r32_to_r32(as, REG_EBP, temp_r32); + asm_x86_add_i32_to_r32(as, asm_x86_local_offset_from_ebp(as, local_num), temp_r32); + asm_x86_push_r32(as, temp_r32); +} +#endif + +void asm_x86_call_ind(asm_x86_t *as, void *ptr, mp_uint_t n_args, int temp_r32) { + assert(n_args <= 3); + if (n_args > 2) { + asm_x86_push_r32(as, REG_ARG_3); + } + if (n_args > 1) { + asm_x86_push_r32(as, REG_ARG_2); + } + if (n_args > 0) { + asm_x86_push_r32(as, REG_ARG_1); + } +#ifdef __LP64__ + // We wouldn't run x86 code on an x64 machine. This is here to enable + // testing of the x86 emitter only. + asm_x86_mov_i32_to_r32(as, (int32_t)(int64_t)ptr, temp_r32); +#else + // If we get here, sizeof(int) == sizeof(void*). + asm_x86_mov_i32_to_r32(as, (int32_t)ptr, temp_r32); +#endif + asm_x86_write_byte_2(as, OPCODE_CALL_RM32, MODRM_R32(2) | MODRM_RM_REG | MODRM_RM_R32(temp_r32)); + // this reduces code size by 2 bytes per call, but doesn't seem to speed it up at all + /* + asm_x86_write_byte_1(as, OPCODE_CALL_REL32); + asm_x86_write_word32(as, ptr - (void*)(as->code_base + as->code_offset + 4)); + */ +} + +#endif // MICROPY_EMIT_X86 |